{"id":11189,"date":"2026-02-20T11:45:49","date_gmt":"2026-02-20T08:45:49","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/nature.pnpu.edu.ua\/?p=11189"},"modified":"2026-03-02T11:47:23","modified_gmt":"2026-03-02T08:47:23","slug":"%d1%83%d1%87%d0%b0%d1%81%d1%82%d1%8c-%d0%bd%d0%b0%d1%83%d0%ba%d0%be%d0%b2%d0%be-%d0%bf%d0%b5%d0%b4%d0%b0%d0%b3%d0%be%d0%b3%d1%96%d1%87%d0%bd%d0%b8%d1%85-%d0%bf%d1%80%d0%b0%d1%86%d1%96%d0%b2%d0%bd","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/nature.pnpu.edu.ua\/index.php\/11189\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0423\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e-\u043f\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0433\u0456\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0456\u0432 \u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0457 \u043c\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434\u0456 \u0443 \u0437\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0445 \u0434\u043e \u0414\u043d\u044f \u0413\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0457\u0432 \u041d\u0435\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u0421\u043e\u0442\u043d\u0456: \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0432\u0456\u0434\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043b\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u0411\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0413\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0443\u043d\u0430 \u00ab\u0420\u0435\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0446\u0456\u044f \u0413\u0456\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456 2013\u20132014: \u044f\u043a \u0446\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u043b\u043e\u00bb"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>20 \u043b\u044e\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u043e\u00a0 \u0414\u043d\u044f \u0413\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0457\u0432 \u041d\u0435\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u0421\u043e\u0442\u043d\u0456 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447 \u043a\u0430\u0444\u0435\u0434\u0440\u0438 \u0431\u0456\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0456\u0457, \u0437\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432\u2019\u044f \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438 \u0442\u0430 \u0444\u0456\u0437\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u0431\u0456\u043b\u0456\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u0414\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0446\u044c \u0406\u043b\u043e\u043d\u0430 \u041c\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0457\u0432\u043d\u0430 \u00a0\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043c \u0437\u0456 \u0441\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 1 \u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0443 \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0456\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439 \u04151 \u0411\u0456\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0456\u044f \u0442\u0430 \u0431\u0456\u043e\u0445\u0456\u043c\u0456\u044f \u0442\u0430 \u04104.05 \u0421\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u044f \u043e\u0441\u0432\u0456\u0442\u0430 (\u0411\u0456\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0456\u044f \u0442\u0430 \u0437\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432\u2019\u044f \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438) \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0432\u0456\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043b\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044e \u0456\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0411\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0413\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0443\u043d\u0430 \u00a0\u00ab\u0420\u0435\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0446\u0456\u044f \u0413\u0456\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456 2013-2014: \u044f\u043a \u0446\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u043b\u043e\u00bb \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0456 \u0425\u043e\u0440\u0443\u043d\u0436\u043e\u0457 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0431\u0438 \u0425\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0456\u0457.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"960\" data-id=\"11191\" src=\"http:\/\/nature.pnpu.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/15097.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-11191\" srcset=\"http:\/\/nature.pnpu.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/15097.jpg 1280w, http:\/\/nature.pnpu.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/15097-300x225.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"826\" data-id=\"11190\" src=\"http:\/\/nature.pnpu.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/18796.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-11190\" srcset=\"http:\/\/nature.pnpu.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/18796.jpg 1280w, http:\/\/nature.pnpu.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/18796-300x194.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p> \u041f\u0456\u0434 \u0447\u0430\u0441 \u043b\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u0441\u043f\u0456\u043a\u0435\u0440 \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0443 \u0443\u0432\u0430\u0433\u0443 \u0437\u043e\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0432 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0443\u043c\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0445 \u0442\u0430 \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0456\u044f\u0445 \u0420\u0435\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u0413\u0456\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456, \u0430\u043a\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0443\u044e\u0447\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u043e\u043b\u0456 \u0433\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0434\u044f\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0443\u0441\u043f\u0456\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0443 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0456 \u0434\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0446\u0456\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439. \u0421\u043f\u0456\u043a\u0435\u0440 \u043d\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0432 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043b\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0457 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0434\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456 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\u0456 \u043c\u0430\u043d\u0456\u043f\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0456\u0439. \u0423 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0456 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0456\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0443 \u0437 \u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0437\u0434\u043e\u0431\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0447\u0456 \u043e\u0441\u0432\u0456\u0442\u0438 \u043e\u0441\u043c\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0456\u0439 \u0420\u0435\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u0413\u0456\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456, \u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c \u043e\u0441\u0432\u0456\u0442\u044f\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0457 \u0441\u043f\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0442\u0438 \u0443 \u0437\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0456 \u0434\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0446\u0456\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439 \u0442\u0430 \u0443\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0456 \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u0433\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0434\u044f\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0457 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u043c\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434\u0456, \u043f\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0456\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0437\u043c\u0443 \u0442\u0430 \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u0432 \u0441\u0443\u0441\u043f\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0436\u0438\u0442\u0442\u0456.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-2 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1150\" height=\"1280\" data-id=\"11194\" src=\"http:\/\/nature.pnpu.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/2339.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-11194\" srcset=\"http:\/\/nature.pnpu.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/2339.jpg 1150w, http:\/\/nature.pnpu.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/2339-270x300.jpg 270w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1150px) 100vw, 1150px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"1237\" data-id=\"11193\" src=\"http:\/\/nature.pnpu.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/12844.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-11193\" srcset=\"http:\/\/nature.pnpu.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/12844.jpg 1280w, http:\/\/nature.pnpu.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/12844-300x290.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"883\" height=\"1280\" data-id=\"11192\" src=\"http:\/\/nature.pnpu.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/91697.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-11192\" srcset=\"http:\/\/nature.pnpu.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/91697.jpg 883w, http:\/\/nature.pnpu.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/91697-207x300.jpg 207w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 883px) 100vw, 883px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>20 \u043b\u044e\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u043e\u00a0 \u0414\u043d\u044f \u0413\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0457\u0432 \u041d\u0435\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u0421\u043e\u0442\u043d\u0456 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447 \u043a\u0430\u0444\u0435\u0434\u0440\u0438 \u0431\u0456\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0456\u0457, \u0437\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432\u2019\u044f \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438 \u0442\u0430 \u0444\u0456\u0437\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u0431\u0456\u043b\u0456\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u0414\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0446\u044c \u0406\u043b\u043e\u043d\u0430 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(\u0411\u0456\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0456\u044f&#46;&#46;&#46;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":11192,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/nature.pnpu.edu.ua\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11189"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/nature.pnpu.edu.ua\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/nature.pnpu.edu.ua\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/nature.pnpu.edu.ua\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/nature.pnpu.edu.ua\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11189"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/nature.pnpu.edu.ua\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11189\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11195,"href":"http:\/\/nature.pnpu.edu.ua\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11189\/revisions\/11195"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/nature.pnpu.edu.ua\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11192"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/nature.pnpu.edu.ua\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11189"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/nature.pnpu.edu.ua\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11189"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/nature.pnpu.edu.ua\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11189"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}