{"id":10930,"date":"2025-12-01T12:37:38","date_gmt":"2025-12-01T09:37:38","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/nature.pnpu.edu.ua\/?p=10930"},"modified":"2025-12-04T12:39:43","modified_gmt":"2025-12-04T09:39:43","slug":"%d0%b7%d0%b0%d1%85%d0%b8%d1%81%d1%82-%d0%ba%d1%83%d1%80%d1%81%d0%be%d0%b2%d0%b8%d1%85-%d1%80%d0%be%d0%b1%d1%96%d1%82","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/nature.pnpu.edu.ua\/index.php\/10930\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0417\u0430\u0445\u0438\u0441\u0442 \u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0445 \u0440\u043e\u0431\u0456\u0442"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>1 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u044f 2025 \u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u0444\u0435\u0434\u0440\u0456 \u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0456\u043a\u0438, \u0435\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0456\u0457 \u0442\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0432\u0447\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0431\u0456\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0456\u0457 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0431\u0443\u0432\u0441\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0445\u0438\u0441\u0442 \u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0445 \u0440\u043e\u0431\u0456\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0456\u0432 \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0456\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439 014.15 \u0421\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u044f \u043e\u0441\u0432\u0456\u0442\u0430 (\u041f\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0456 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a\u0438) \u0442\u0430 101 \u0415\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0456\u044f \u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0457&nbsp; \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0432\u0447\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f. \u0417\u0430\u0445\u0438\u0441\u0442 \u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0457 \u0440\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0438 \u0454 \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043b\u0438\u0432\u043e\u044e \u0441\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043e\u0432\u043e\u044e \u043e\u0441\u0432\u0456\u0442\u043d\u044c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0443, \u0449\u043e \u0434\u0430\u0454 \u0441\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043c \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u043b\u0430\u0441\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0456\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0456 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u043c\u0456\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0446\u044e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0437 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043c \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0456\u0430\u043b\u043e\u043c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"382\" data-id=\"10933\" src=\"http:\/\/nature.pnpu.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/\u0417\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f2.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-10933\" srcset=\"http:\/\/nature.pnpu.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/\u0417\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f2.png 250w, http:\/\/nature.pnpu.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/\u0417\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f2-196x300.png 196w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 250px) 100vw, 250px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"276\" height=\"395\" data-id=\"10932\" src=\"http:\/\/nature.pnpu.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/\u0417\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f3.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-10932\" srcset=\"http:\/\/nature.pnpu.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/\u0417\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f3.png 276w, http:\/\/nature.pnpu.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/\u0417\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f3-210x300.png 210w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 276px) 100vw, 276px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"299\" height=\"411\" data-id=\"10931\" src=\"http:\/\/nature.pnpu.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/\u0417\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f4.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-10931\" srcset=\"http:\/\/nature.pnpu.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/\u0417\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f4.png 299w, http:\/\/nature.pnpu.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/\u0417\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f4-218x300.png 218w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 299px) 100vw, 299px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0421\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0440\u0456\u0437\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0456\u0442\u043d\u0456 \u0437\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u044e \u0440\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0438, \u0443 \u044f\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0456 \u043f\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0431\u0456\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0456\u0457, \u0435\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0456\u0457 \u0442\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0445 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a. \u041e\u0446\u0456\u043d\u044e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0437\u0434\u0456\u0439\u0441\u043d\u044e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0456\u0441\u0456\u044f \u043a\u0430\u0444\u0435\u0434\u0440\u0438, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0456 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043a\u0445\u043e\u043b\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0438 \u043e\u0441\u0432\u0456\u0442\u043d\u0456\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c: \u041d\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0456\u044f \u041f\u0438\u043b\u0438\u043f\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043e, \u041b\u0435\u0441\u044f \u0421\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0439, \u0421\u0432\u0456\u0442\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0411\u043e\u0436\u043e\u043a, \u0412\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0440 \u041a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0439, \u042e\u0440\u0456\u0439 \u0425\u0430\u0440\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043e, \u0421\u0432\u0456\u0442\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0410\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0454\u0454\u0432\u0430 \u0442\u0430 \u0412\u0456\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0411\u0443\u0440\u02bc\u044f\u043d. \u0412\u043e\u043d\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0435\u0441\u0456\u0439\u043d\u0456 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438 \u0442\u0430 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0441\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0456\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043d\u044c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-2 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"339\" height=\"416\" data-id=\"10939\" src=\"http:\/\/nature.pnpu.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/\u0417\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f5.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-10939\" srcset=\"http:\/\/nature.pnpu.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/\u0417\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f5.png 339w, http:\/\/nature.pnpu.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/\u0417\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f5-244x300.png 244w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 339px) 100vw, 339px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"263\" height=\"440\" data-id=\"10936\" src=\"http:\/\/nature.pnpu.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/\u0417\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f6.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-10936\" srcset=\"http:\/\/nature.pnpu.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/\u0417\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f6.png 263w, http:\/\/nature.pnpu.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/\u0417\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f6-179x300.png 179w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 263px) 100vw, 263px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"340\" height=\"334\" data-id=\"10937\" src=\"http:\/\/nature.pnpu.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/\u0417\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f7.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-10937\" srcset=\"http:\/\/nature.pnpu.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/\u0417\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f7.png 340w, http:\/\/nature.pnpu.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/\u0417\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f7-300x295.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 340px) 100vw, 340px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"324\" height=\"330\" data-id=\"10934\" src=\"http:\/\/nature.pnpu.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/\u0417\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f8.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-10934\" srcset=\"http:\/\/nature.pnpu.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/\u0417\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f8.png 324w, http:\/\/nature.pnpu.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/\u0417\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f8-295x300.png 295w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 324px) 100vw, 324px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"337\" height=\"364\" data-id=\"10935\" src=\"http:\/\/nature.pnpu.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/\u0417\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f9.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-10935\" srcset=\"http:\/\/nature.pnpu.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/\u0417\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f9.png 337w, http:\/\/nature.pnpu.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/\u0417\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f9-278x300.png 278w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 337px) 100vw, 337px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"360\" height=\"500\" data-id=\"10938\" src=\"http:\/\/nature.pnpu.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/\u0417\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f10.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-10938\" srcset=\"http:\/\/nature.pnpu.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/\u0417\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f10.png 360w, http:\/\/nature.pnpu.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/\u0417\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f10-216x300.png 216w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 360px) 100vw, 360px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0417\u0430\u0445\u0438\u0441\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u043d\u043e\u044e \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0456\u0432 \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0435\u0441\u0456\u0439\u043d\u0456 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438, \u0443\u0441\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0456 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0438 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0457\u0445 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0456\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0442\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u043c\u0456\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0438\u0441\u044f \u0456\u0434\u0435\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u0437 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0439 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438. \u0412\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0456 \u043a\u0430\u0444\u0435\u0434\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u0456\u0434\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u0456\u0432\u0435\u043d\u044c \u043f\u0456\u0434\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0456\u0432 \u0442\u0430 \u0457\u0445\u043d\u044e \u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0448\u043e\u0457 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(\u041f\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0456 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a\u0438) \u0442\u0430 101 \u0415\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0456\u044f \u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0457&nbsp; \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0432\u0447\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f. \u0417\u0430\u0445\u0438\u0441\u0442 \u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0457 \u0440\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0438 \u0454 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